ISSN 2596 - 7517

Online ISSN 2597 - 307X

  Journal of the Northern Europe Academy for Studies & Research (Sixteenth Issue)

poem of Abu Hayyan al-Andalusi (d: 745 AH) in the lamentableness of his wife Zumurud- Technical
                                                                                    - Analytical Study -

prepared by
A.Prof.Dr. Amer Mahmood Rabei
Jerash University/Jordan
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Abstract:
This study provides an artistic and analytical reading of the Poem of Abu Hayyan al-Andalusi in the lamentableness of his wife Zumurud, highlighting the sacred relationship, the intimate bond that brought them together, and the accompanying relationship: a free and honest passion, a sweetness often, and tayeb Ma'ashar, and what has manifested in his poem of body lamentation: the distressed soul, the inflamed sensations, the cherished memories, the feelings of the passionate lover, and what was broadcast in them-also-of: a fondness, a passion, and a sadness, all characterized by the quality of the formulation, the sincerity of the passion, its heat and its power.

The objective, importance, justification for its selection, and methodology of this study were all explained. The first theme in this poem deals with the aesthetics of content. In this poem, the second theme also came to a halt at the aesthetic of the form. The study's most noteworthy findings were summarized in a conclusion. After that, there was a list of sources and references from which it drew.
Keywords: Lamentation, content, form, Abu Hayyan Al-Andalusi, Zumurud, Andalusian poetry.             

 

A study of some negative phenomena in Iraqi society after 2003 and their damage to societal values

Prepared by
A.PROF. Dr. Muhammad Al-Jubouri
Social Psychology
Northern European Academy
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Prepared by
Dr. Zainab Hashem Jrian
Department of History
Wasit University - College of Basic  Education             

Abstract
There are a lot of extraneous phenomena in the system of values and morals of Iraqi society, In fact, it was only a natural result of the loss of the prestige of the state and the rule of law as a result of the administrative corruption that has spread in the Iraqi body since the beginning of the occupation in 2003 until the present day, When the government turns away from performing its duties towards society and its officials are busy with different positions by stealing and looting public money, administrative corruption in Iraq is unique in its kind, Corruption is unparalleled in the entire world, What the Iraqi society has suffered from the repercussions of the occupation and the absence of the government’s role has led to the loss of societal values and the entry of foreign values into it, this is what we will address in this study, which is to shed light on some negative phenomena of the Iraqi society and their impact on the behavioral values of the society. 

Keywords:  negative phenomenon, society, administrative corruption, social phenomenon         

The Effectiveness of Spiritual Intelligence and Mental Flexibility on
                        the Students of Universities

Prepared by
A.Prof.Dr. Zaheah Saleh Zaitoun
College of Education, Al-Kharj, Department of Psychology
Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University
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Abstract
The aim of this study is to clarify the spiritual intelligence and mental flexibility definitions on the university students under specific variables, to context the border of each one alone, and then determine the relations between both. Four variables that were used in the study, each one had two directions as; collage (literary, scientific), study level (fourth, seventh), gender (male, female),  and social status (married, single). The sample was inserted in the study from Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Saudi Arabia and contains 242 students. The result showed that the level of mental flexibility for the students was high where the spiritual intelligence was medium. Also, there was a strong positive correlation coefficient between spiritual intelligence and mental flexibility. Mental flexibility depending on an academic level but did not for the other variables. However, spiritual intelligence not affected through changing variables.
Key words: Spiritual intelligence, Mental flexibility.                                         

Organizational management and resistance to change among workers of
 administrative departments in public sector companies
 Mauritanie - Senegal - Mali

Prepared by
Prof. Dr. Mabrouk Miftah Abu Sheneh
Africa University of Humanities &Applied Sciences
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Abstract
Despite the necessity and importance of change for organizations, this process is hardly devoid of the difficulties of workers’ resistance to the introduction of these changes, due to the workers’ economic, social and organizational concerns based on objective and non-objective bases, and here comes the role of managers in reducing the severity of this resistance, through Adopting appropriate leadership styles to make employees understand the goals of change and the positive results that will be achieved for them.
What are the reasons that lead to the resistance of administrative workers to change in companies in general, and in public sector companies in African countries in particular?
Through the study and analysis of the nature of leadership styles used by managers in the companies under study, and identifying the nature of the organizational dimension that leads to workers’ resistance to change, and after testing the hypotheses that pertain to the relationship between managers’ leadership styles and their impact on the removal of workers to change,
Key words: 
Organizational management, resistance to change, workers in administrative departments, public sector companies      

 Measuring the impact of money supply on inflation rates in Iraq's Economy after 2003

Prepared by
A.Prof-Dr .Qassem Askari Ibn Karim
Department of Economics
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Najlah shamoon shlaymoon
PhD student in the Department of Economics 
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Ahmed Jabbar Shaye
PhD student in the Department of Economics
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Maram Albusharbe
PhD student in the Department of Economics
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Abstract
Inflation is sometimes referred to as (a increase in the rate of prices, implying a loss in the value of the monetary unit) or (a rise in the rate of prices, implying a decrease in the value of the monetary unit) or (a rise in the rate of prices, implying (it is a continuous rise in prices and not just high prices). According to Keynes (correct inflation is the situation in which no additional increase in total demand leads to an additional increase in production).. Regardless of the various definitions, forms, and causes of inflation, inflation remains primarily a monetary phenomenon. Controlling it, on the other hand, necessitates regulating the money supply to ensure that it rises at a rate that is compatible with demand and at stable prices. The amount of money in the Iraqi market is remarkable, and large amounts of it are no longer sufficient to buy a basic commodity or service, to the point where following up on the rise in the prices of goods, merchandise, and services in Iraq to estimate their rates has become a difficult process due to the continuous rise in their prices.
Keywords:  Money supply; Inflation rates; Exchange rate; Monetary policies            

                               EU Powerlessness
 Conflicting Perceptions in Response to the War on Gaza

Prepared byA.Prof.Dr. Adeeb Ziadeh
Assistant Professor of International Relations
Department of International Affairs/ College of Arts and Sciences
Qatar University
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Abstract
This article aimed to scrutinize the EU’s cause of powerlessness in dealing with the confrontation, which erupted between the Israeli occupation and Gaza strip in May 2021. Due to the fact that the EU was one of the least actionist external big actors which affected the situation on ground during the war politically and diplomatically, this article tried to interpret this deficiency, as researchers have not tackled it so far. However, in serving this, forty-one EU parliamentary members’ speeches (MEPs) have been critically and thoroughly analyzed. Using content analysis, alongside other tools extracted from the realist perspective combined with one of the constructivist theoretical angles, significantly enabled the researcher in analyzing the European politicians’ discourses in this regard. It is significantly found that the revisiting EU failure in adequately tackling such an event is attributed to the biased convictions and subjective perceptions that most of the EU politicians hold about the Israeli-Palestinian cause. Conflictual diagnostic perceptions of the MEPs with regard to the exploded situation expressively shown the extent to which divisions amongst politicians have left the EU’s diplomacy miserably paralyzed; a matter that confirmed the realists’ perspective about the EU foreign policy as it is “nothing more than the combined effort of the member states’ foreign policies”. Undoubtedly, having unanimity, as a mechanism for foreign policy decision-making, contributed to putting extra burdens on the EU politicians, particularly in the dossier under investigation. Hence, light was shed on MEPs’ perspectives regarding the roots of the confrontation, justice against peace, self-defense versus right of resistance and demonization of Hamas contrasted with humanitirization of Israel.
Key words: Gaza strip, Hamas, Israeli Occupation, self-defense, right of resistance, European parliament, European Union, apartheid       

The impact of US sanctions on Iran and their impact on the Iraqi economy for the period 2010-2019 and the role of the resistance economy in resolving these effects

Prepared by
A.Prof. Dr. Mohammad Bidar
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Najlah shamoon shlaymoon
PhD student in the Department of Economics 
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Ahmed Jabbar Shaye
PhD student in the Department of Economics
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Maram Albusharbe
PhD student in the Department of Economics
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Abstract
Iraq, being one of Iran's western neighbours, has played and continues to play a significant role in the country's non-oil exports, particularly amid the country's sanctions. With $9 billion in non-oil exports in 2019, Iraq was the second-largest destination for Iranian goods. However, the process of US sanctions on Iran and their negative impact on it, as well as the unilateral trade between Tehran and Baghdad, are all issues that threaten Iran's exports to Iraq. On this basis, it seems that a new approach to trade relations with Iraq, as well as improving export operations, can contribute to stabilizing and strengthening trade relations between Iran and Iraq.

Keywords:  Economic diplomacy ; Economic Relations; Economic development; Balance of Payments.      

 

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