A Refereed Journal of Northern Europe Academy for Studies & Research (Nineteenth issue) - Denmark
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The Image of a Female Character in the African Novel: A Feminist Reading of Zaynab Alkali's "The Stillborn". Prepared by Abstract: Over the last decades, African literary criticism has witnessed the contributions of female novelists the invigoration of the African literature; especially those female writers whose works that questioned patriarchy, women’s role, household issues, and gender based discrimination in the African traditional societies. It is notices that most female writers have embraced feminism in spite of the thematic essence of their individual narratives. Thus, this paper’s objective is to examine the images of female characters in Zaynab Alkali’s “The Stillborn” from feminist perspective. It is a critical exploration of how Alkali’s creative visions as a female writer have pinpointed some social realities which relegate womanhood to gender roles. It also explains the aesthetic value of Zaynab Alkali’s works with a special attention on her idiosyncratic use of language in portraying female characters in her fictional narrative. The paper concludes that, the persistent gender inequality, patriarchy, and societal look at the female, which Alkali’s works portray, have contributed in subordinating women’s role in African traditional societies. Hence, Alkali however, advocates and tries to project womanhood in a positive light, by arming her female characters with intensity of visions to stand for their equal rights, speak of themselves, lead independent lives, and end up all sort of patriarchal domination. |
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Iraq's food security between implementation reality and implementation constraints after 2003 Prepared by: Abstract The problem of food security has worsened for many years, and has caused many challenges for many countries. Because of the inability of some States to secure food for their people, the problem of food security was one of the most serious problems in most political systems. Because these do not pose a challenge to the economic system, but to all the social, political and security systems of the State, The lack of adequate food for the population of any country leads to an actual crisis. security, political and food instability " Iraq is one of the countries concerned with food security. Iraq's origin is an agricultural country, so it has all the possibilities and capabilities to reach self-sufficiency. But the wars that have been going through and the internal and external conflicts over three decades have made Iraq a scene of war and liquidation of the political wishes of both the great Powers and the regional States. Instead of being an arena for the development and development of the agricultural sector, Those conflicts generated a collapse in most infrastructure, leading to food security deficits. The research found weak competitiveness of agricultural crops in domestic markets versus imported agricultural commodities, as most national agricultural commodities are characterized by high prices due to high production costs and poor quality. |
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How learning attitudes influence students’ academic motivation in ICT-integrated EFL learning practices Prepared by: Abstract Motivation is one of the main factors that affect EFL learners’ success and performance in the language learning environment. Following the global trend, the use of ICT in teaching-learning practices has become a popular way of English language learning due to the evolution of technology, which has increased interest in the subject of academic motivation. At the same time, students’ learning attitudes in an EFL learning environment play a key role in enhancing their motivation to learn English. Thereby, the current study was conducted to explore the role of students’ attitudes in promoting their academic motivation to learn in ICT-integrated EFL learning environments. To collect the data, questionnaires were used to guide the study. The collected data was then analyzed using various statistical tests. The results indicated that all the identified components of students learning attitudes, i.e., cognitive, behavioral, and emotional aspects contribute significantly to strengthening their academic motivation in ICT-integrated EFL learning environments. The implications of this study suggest that all aspects of the students learning attitudes should be taken into consideration while designing activities, curriculum, and policies for ICT-integrated EFL instructional practices to enhance their academic motivation to learn English. |
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Analysis of the developmental impact of participatory yield formulas (reality and challenges) Prepared by: Abstract Participatory financing formulas are among the most important financing formulas in development, as it is the basic investment formula embodying the objectives and principles of Islamic economics and achieving justice between the two parties to the transaction (the bank and its customers). Using this formula helps achieve economic and social balance among citizens. Financing participates on the basis of the Islamic bank providing the financing required by the customers without stipulating a fixed interest, as is the case in financing in conventional banks. The bank and the dealer Through this axis, the different definitions of the partnership contract will be addressed in order to highlight its characteristics, types, and developmental impact. |
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The impact of the stock market on supporting economic development (Iraq Model) for 2014-2021 Prepared by: Abstract Financial markets are an important source of domestic and external finance as the instrument through which savings from surplus economic units are mobilized and directed towards underfunded economic activities, To play a role in stimulating the process of economic development as well as its contribution to various financial and economic functions. The premise of the research is that financial markets are the solid basis for supporting the development process of the national economy while discussing the problem of research that the Iraqi securities market suffers from a weakness in the circulation of its indices The research also aims to measure the relationship between the performance indicators of Iraq's stock market and the economic factors selected through two requirements, The first deals with the description of the measurement model of Iraq's stock market performance indicators the second is to measure and analyse the relationship between these indicators and the economic factors selected, The research found a correlation between GDP growth, trade volume index and market value in Iraq's stock market for 2014-2021, based on the methodology of descriptive and quantitative analysis of available market statistics and indicators and evaluation of results achieved through Eviews10 outputs. |
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Remote control of smart home via the Internet of things using an Android app. Prepared by: Abstract Remote Control for the Smart House project aims to make life easier and more flexible for people with physical limitations, such as the elderly, by providing a remote controller for some of the house's equipment in the form of an Android application. Bluetooth serves as the connection point between the application and these devices; therefore, they must be within the same range. The "Smart House" application allows users to turn lights on and off, adjust their brightness, and change their color. This functionality is one of the many capabilities that are available in the application. In addition, it offers a protection system against fires by detecting gas leaks and providing an alarm for those leaks. A security system, consisting of a door with a password, is one of its features. And a great deal more in just a single application. To construct and develop the application, An Android Studio platform was utilized. In addition, the Arduino Software IDE was used to program the components (home devices). |
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The Impact of Computer-Assisted Translation (CAT) on Translation Quality: A Comparison with A corpus of Saudi Translators’ Generated Texts Prepared by: Abstract Computer-Assisted Translation (CAT) has emerged as an essential component of translation practice due to the developments in technology in recent years. However, CAT tools were always compared with human translation regarding the quality of the output. This research seeks to examine the impact of CAT tools on the quality of translation output compared with human translation in terms of three important aspects: grammaticality, lexical ambiguity, and meaning soundness. The researcher used descriptive analytical approaches to analyze a corpus consisting of (15) texts to be translated from English into Arabic. The research participants consisted of (40) Saudi female translation students who study in the eighth level at the College of Languages and Translation at King Saud University in Riyadh city. For data collection, (20) students were asked to translate the texts using Wordfast software and the other (20) students were asked to translate the same texts manually. The researcher used a translation Quality Assessment Model (QAM) to evaluate the quality of the passages translated by the translators. The quality of the translation in each version was judged by indicating the number of errors in both CAT-based and manually translated texts. The results show that the students who translated manually committed fewer errors than the students who translated by CAT tools. In the two kinds of translations, the higher errors were in grammaticality, lexical ambiguity, and meaning soundness, respectively. The researcher recommended using CAT translation in association with human translation. |
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Measuring and analyzing the financial, economic and social feasibility of the refractory materials factory in Baghdad Prepared by: Abstract The study aims to measure and analyze the financial, economic and social feasibility indicators for operating the refractory materials factory in Baghdad during the period 2024/2033. |
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Factors affecting the performance of the Sudanese balance of payments. During the period (2000-2015) Prepared by: Abstract |
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An approach between religious sociology and the science of the Maqasid of Sharia Prepared by: Abstract The subject of religious sociology is one of the important topics in the study of religious phenomena, and an attempt to uncover the reasons behind those transformations taking place in our contemporary societies, and this topic, despite its importance, is far from dealing with researchers and their religious and social approaches, and the contemplation of social transformations in our current societies clearly notes the great interaction between religion and social phenomena, and we study these phenomena; With many names. |
Approaches to legal interpretation in the Anglo-Saxon judiciary(America as a model)
Prepared by:
A.Prof.Dr.Ramy Abdel Aziz Al-Shabl
King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals - Dhahran
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Abstract
Courts differ in their interpretation according to their methodology, between textual and intentional approaches. We find a prevailing trend in the courts, which is the literal interpretation of the text, which glorifies the legal text and seeks to dismantle, analyze and define it to match the fact before the court, even if the result will lead to hardship, apparent injustice. Courts argue that this is the enacted law by the authority body and shall prevail no matter what will be the consequences, and thus, courts shall not go beyond their authority by interpreting the text in a way that leads to a new law. This approach was historically the main stream in American and British courts. Another textual direction takes into account the context and the way the courts work when applying that text. In the other hand, we find a completely different approach that has become the norm in the past fifty years. It is the intentional approach, which seeks to deduce the intention of the legislator, by trying to follow the spirit of the law. This research seeks to shed light on these approaches, discover the mechanisms, and balance them in what is closer to justice .
Keywords:Legal Interpretation Approaches, Legal Interpretation, Textual Interpretation, Intentional Interpretation
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The lexical linguistic indication of deriving the verb from the digit seven In light of semantic theory field Prepared by: Abstract The research demonstrates the importance of the science of etymology, which is the pride of Arabic, and that it is one of the most important features of the Arabic language to develop the language and increase verbal wealth, and clarifies the meanings of derived words. The research also presents a new vision about deriving the verb from the number in general, and from the number seven in particular, showing the features that characterized this number, I mean the number seven over the rest of the numbers. The researcher tries to shed light on the semantics of the verbs derived from the number seven, and explains how the Arabs used them in their linguistic contexts and the significance of each context. |