Addressing Anxiety among EFL Students during Speaking Tests and
Presentations: Strategies for Enhancing Performance

Prepared by:
A.Prof.Dr. Aboubaidah Mohamed Ahmed Qasim
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University of Technology and Applied Sciences
Nizwa- Sultanate of Oman

Abstract
This study examines the prevalence of anxiety among English as a foreign language (EFL) students during speaking tests and presentations. To achieve this goal, the researcher designed a questionnaire that was filled out by the students of UTAS (University of Technology and Applied Sciences –Nizwa Branch-Sultanate of Oman). The study presents the findings of three tables that highlight the level of discomfort, fear of failure, and pressure that EFL students experience during speaking tests and presentations. The study emphasizes the importance of addressing anxiety among EFL students and presents effective strategies to reduce anxiety levels and enhance performance, including relaxation techniques, positive self-talk, mindfulness training, metacognitive instruction, and the flipped classroom approach. The study recommends language instructors to provide ample opportunities for low-stress speaking practice, incorporate relaxation techniques and mindfulness training, integrate metacognitive instruction into language learning, and implement the flipped classroom approach to reduce the pressure of test and presentation preparation. The study underscores the need for language instructors to be flexible and open to experimenting with different approaches to find the most effective strategies that work best for their students.
Keywords:
Test anxiety, Achievement, Foreign language learning, EFL learners, Performance, Fear, UTAS

English for Specific Purposes (ESP)

Prepared by:
A.Prof.Dr.Abdulrahman Abdulmalik Amin
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English language Centre,
University of Umm Al-Qura
Saudi Arabia

Abstract
ESP programs are a teaching method that focuses on the specific goals of learners and were seen as an alternative to ELT. This research attempted to define ESP by examining its nature, growth, and usefulness as a needs analysis in language learning and teaching. It was successful in varying the perspectives of language instructors, course designers, and learners into various components and various approaches and activities, demonstrating the importance of needs analysis to determine the needs of the learners.
Keywords: Developments of ESP, A revolution in linguistics, learner’s need, Features of ESP, model of an ESP course.

The Oslo Accords and Palestinian Diaspora Activism: The Presence of the [Periphery] and the Absence of the [Center]

Prepared by:
A.Prof.Dr. A.Prof.Dr.Adeeb Ziadah
Department of International Affairs
College of Arts and Sciences
Qatar University
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Abstract
The Oslo Accords affected the Palestinian situation, particularly the Palestinians of the diaspora, who have become marginalized and excluded in the Palestinian decision-making. However, the right of return to their homeland has become merely an issue on the agenda of the permanent status negotiations that have not started since the signing of the agreements in 1993. The paper hypothesizes that the Oslo Accords and the subsequent transfer of the PLO leadership to the interior have had a tangible impact on the activism among the Palestinian diaspora in terms of quantity and quality. This impact has been a result of the failure in addressing the grievances of the Palestinian diaspora who have automatically filled the subsequent vacuum. In this context, the Palestinian activism in the diaspora was discussed in terms of its structure, the challenges it faces, and the nature of the corresponding response. These are manifested in collective actions accompanied by processes of framing and mobilization at various social, cultural, media, and political levels. By utilizing the center-periphery model and tools provided by the theory of social movements, the paper analyzes its subject holistically (at a macro level), based on qualitative interviews with a group of officials among the Palestinian elite distributed in the diaspora, along with relevant literature. The paper concludes the validity of its hypothesis with several findings that emphasize the need to capitalize on the opportunities that have emerged as a result of this situation. Consequently, the option of building national references, leading Palestinian activism in the diaspora and achieving its goals, appears essential, but it should be approached from a bottom-up perspective, rather than the other way around.
Key words
The Palestinian diaspora, activism, the Oslo Accords, the right of return, the Palestine Liberation Organization, marginalization, national references

Plurals of Paucity in the Compendium of Poems by bin Al-Ajjaj
Semantic Morphological Study

Prepared by:
Asso.Prof.Dr.Ibrahim Ghazi Al- Harbi
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Taibah University
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract
This research deals with the morphological study of the broken plurals in the compendium of poems by Ru'bah bin al-Ajjaj.
The research was based on an introduction, stating the importance of the theme, the reasons for its selection, objectives of the study, methodology, literature background, and the research plan. This was followed by a preface talking about the poet Ru'bah bin al-Ajjaj in brief, and three research topics, the first being the broken plurals and their divisions, the second being the broken plurals used to indicate a fewer number of objects, while the third was on the broken plurals used to indicate a fewer number of objects in al-Ru'bah's compendium of poems.
This was followed by a conclusion, including the most important findings of the research, and the recommendations made by the researcher.
Keywords: Broken plurals, al-Ru'bah's compendium of poems, morphological study

Ego Identity and its Relationship to Psychological Resilience among Recovering Drug Addicts in Jordan

Prepared by:
Prof.Dr.Ahmed Andel Halim
Dr.Baraa Yousef AL sqour
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Department of Psychological and Educational Counseling
Faculty of Educational Sciences
Mutah University

Abstract
The current study aimed to identify the level of ego identity and its relationship to psychological resilience among recovering drug addicts in Jordan, and to identify the predictive ability of ego identity in psychological resilience. The application of the study on recoveries from the treatment center for addicts, where a sample of (209) recoverees responded to the study measures. After analyzing the data and extracting the results, the results indicated that there is a medium level of ego identity, especially the realization of identity, and a medium level of psychological resilience among the recoverees. The results also indicated that there is a positive correlation between identity realization and psychological resilience, and a negative correlation between identity closure, identity attachment and identity dispersion on the one hand, and psychological resilience on the other hand psycho.
Keywords: ego identity, psychological resilience, drug addiction recoveries.                                          

Social support and its relationship to deviant behavior among juvenile delinquents in Jordan

Prepared by:
Prof.Dr, Sami Mohsen Khatatneh
Dr. Abdullah Mohammed AL Atiyat
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Department of Psychological and Educational Counseling
Faculty of Educational Sciences
Mutah University

AbstractThe current study aimed to verify the level of social support and its relationship to deviant behavior among delinquent juveniles in Jordan. To achieve the objectives of the study, a survey sample of juveniles was selected in the governorates of the capital, Amman, Zarqa, and Irbid, numbering (285) juveniles. Tow scales were developed: the social support scale, and the deviant behavior scale, and checking their psychometric characteristics of validity and stability. The results revealed that there is a medium level of social support, and a high level of deviant behavior among juvenile delinquents. The results also indicated that there is an inverse correlation between social support and deviant behavior.
Keywords: social support, deviant behavior, juvenile delinquents

The effectiveness of a counseling program to develop emotional expression and reduce family conflicts among the auditors of the Office of Reform and Family Reconciliation in Tafila Governorate

Prepared by:
Prof. Dr. Ahmed Andel Halim
Dr.Muhammad Ahmad AL Fuqara
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Department of Psychological and Educational Counseling
Faculty of Educational Sciences
Mutah University

Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a counseling program for developing emotional expression and reducing family conflicts among a sample of auditors of the Office of Reform and Family Reconciliation in Tafila Governorate, and to verify the continuity of effectiveness of the program after a specified period of time, on a sample consisting of (202) auditors of the Office of Reform and Reconciliation For families in Tafilah Governorate, (10) of them were chosen from those who recorded the lowest scores in the level of emotional expression, and the highest scores in the level of family conflicts. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, two scales were developed: emotional expression and family conflicts, which had indications of validity and stability suitable for the purposes of this study. A counseling program was also built, consisting of (13) counseling sessions of (50) minutes each, two sessions per week.
The results indicated that there was an average level in each of the emotional expression and family conflicts among a sample of the reviewers of the Office of Reform and Family Reconciliation in Tafila Governorate. In favor of the post-measurement of the study individuals, and the results also indicated the continued effectiveness of the program in developing emotional expression and reducing family conflicts in the post- and follow-up measurements after a period of one month. And how to deal with husbands and wives when conflicts and problems occur.
Keywords: counseling program, emotional expression, family conflicts, office of reform and family reconciliation

The extent to which marital adjustment is explained by the level of psychological loneliness and perceived self-efficacy among female workers in Jordanian banks

Prepared by:
Prof. Dr. Abdel Nasser Al Qarral
Dr.Hiyam Fadian Al Amr
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Department of Psychological and Educational Counseling
Faculty of Educational Sciences
Mutah University

Abstract:
The extent to which marital adjustment is explained by the level of psychological loneliness and perceived self-efficacy among female workers in Jordanian banks. The study sample consisted of (193) female employees working in Jordanian banks in the southern region. To achieve the objectives of the study, the descriptive-relational approach was used. Three measures were developed: marital compatibility, loneliness, and perceived self-efficacy. Their validity and reliability were verified. The study found a number Among the results, most notably: that the level of marital adjustment and its dimensions (emotional psychological adjustment, social adjustment, economic adjustment, agreement on raising children, and cognitive cultural compatibility), and the level of each of psychological unity and perceived self-efficacy among female bank workers in the southern region was medium. The results showed the existence of a statistically significant negative correlation between marital adjustment on the total score and the domains (emotional psychological adjustment, social compatibility, economic compatibility, agreement on raising children) and psychological unity, and the presence of a statistically significant positive correlation between marital adjustment on the total score, domains and self-efficacy. perceived. As well as the existence of a statistically significant negative correlation between psychological loneliness and perceived self-efficacy.
Keywords: marital compatibility, loneliness, and perceived self-efficacy among female employees in Jordanian banks.

The effectiveness of a counseling program based on multigenerational therapy to improve the family climate and psychological hardiness among Syrian students

Prepared by:
Prof.Dr, Sami Mohsen Khatatneh
Dr.Ahmed Zeyad Alqaraleh
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Department of Psychological and Educational Counseling
Faculty of Educational Sciences
Mutah University

Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of a counseling program based on multi-generational therapy to improve the family climate and psychological resilience of Syrian students. Two scales were developed, one measuring family climate and the other measuring psychological resilience, and their psychometric properties were verified for validity and reliability. An counseling program based on multi-generational therapy was designed and implemented. A descriptive sample of 188 refugee students was chosen, and a quasi-experimental study was conducted with a sample of 26 students randomly divided into two groups, an experimental group of 13 students and a control group of 13 students. The results indicated a moderate level of family climate and psychological resilience among the primary descriptive sample. The results also showed that the experimental group demonstrated significant improvement compared to the control group in both family climate and psychological resilience, and that the effects of the counseling program were sustained for one month after the program ended. The study recommends the use of the counseling program to assist refugee students in developing family climate and psychological resilience.
Keywords: family climate, psychological resilience, multi-generational therapy, counseling

Emotional and behavioral disorders and their relationship with family adjustment and social responsibility among the hearing-impaired students in the southern province

Prepared by
Prof. Dr. Abdel Nasser Al Qarral
Dr.Fedaa Damen Obaisat
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Department of Psychological and Educational Counseling
Faculty of Educational Sciences
Mutah University

Abstract
This study aimed at identifying the level of emotional and behavioral disorders and their relationship with family adjustment and social responsibility among the hearing-impaired students in the southern province. In order to achieve the study objectives, the researcher used the correlational descriptive approach. The study sample consisted (200) hearing-impaired students, (98) males and (102) females. In order to achieve the study objectives, three scales were developed: emotional and behavioral disorders scale, family adjustment scale, and social responsibility scale; their validity and reliability were verified. The results revealed that the levels of emotional and behavioral disorders, family adjustment, and social responsibility were medium for the overall score and the dimensions. The results revealed that there is a statistically significant positive relationship between the dimensions of emotional and social disorders and the dimensions of family adjustment. The results revealed that there is a statistically significant positive relationship between the dimensions of family adjustment and social responsibility, where the level of social responsibility increases according to the increase in family adjustment. The results showed that there is a statistically significant negative relationship between emotional and behavioral disorders and social responsibility as well as a relationship between their dimensions, except for the domain of behavioral problems, where there was no relationship between it and the domain of social responsibility. The results revealed that both male and female students suffer from emotional and behavioral disorders, regardless their academic estimation. The results revealed that there are no differences in the level of family adjustment and its domains according to the variables of (gender, academic estimation). The results showed that hearing-impaired students with high academic estimation practice social responsibility more than their peers with lower academic estimation.
Based on the results, the study recommended the necessity of paying more attention to hearing-impaired students to improve their levels of family adjustment and social responsibility as well as educating the families of hearing-impaired students concerning the risks of emotional and behavioral disorders, urging them to have a role in reducing those disorders among their children, in addition to encouraging hearing-impaired students in the various educational stages to shoulder responsibility and confirming its importance in social life.

Keywords: behavioral and emotional disorders, family harmony, social responsibility, students with hearing disabilities in the southern region