Challenges and Obstacles in Translating Political Collocation Terms into Arabic A case study: Qassim University

Prepared by
Dr. Intisar Zakariya Ahmed Ibrahim
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Dr. Fatima Abdulahi Hamid
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Abstract
This study examines the typical challenges and varied strategies employed by undergraduate students in a translation program when translating political collocation texts into Arabic. A collocation assessment consisting of ten questions was created and administered to a group of thirty-six fourth-year students from the female division of Qassim University in Arrass. Students were instructed to convert English political collocations into Arabic. The test was scrutinized, and subsequently, the findings and deductions were provided. The findings indicated that the students exhibited a limited understanding of collocations and had a constrained ability to generate novel collocations. In addition, the study revealed that individuals occasionally employed synonyms, collocational words, and paraphrasing techniques, alongside code-switching to their native language. Furthermore, participants frequently committed errors, such as providing answers that were not relevant and leaving gaps in their responses. To summarize, the research unequivocally demonstrated the crucial necessity of offering instructional assistance to rectify these errors.
Keywords: Difficulties, translation strategies, collocation, politics

Leveraging Cognitive Science to Enhance Foreign Language Pedagogy

Prepared by
A.Prof.Dr.Neimat Idris Moh.Saeed Omer
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Orcid ID: 0009-0003-0688-8194er

Abstract
This systematic literature review synthesized research applying cognitive psychology to foreign language instruction. The purpose was to identify how theoretical understandings of linguistic processing could inform teaching methods to better serve learners. Key areas investigated included theories of encoding/storage; schema theory; individual differences; and cognitive dimensions of curriculum design.  Several implications emerged for optimizing pedagogy through evidence-based techniques. Principles of schema-building and spaced retrieval informed curricular/lesson planning. A metacognition lens aligned formative assessments to self-regulated development. Considering working memory tailored instruction. Views of contextual learning integrated multisensory elements.  However, bridging theory-practice required attention. Ongoing dissemination aimed to enhance knowledge transfer. Additional exploration areas and validation of applications supported continuous refinement. Empirical examination and theoretical deepening also strengthened conceptual bases.  Overall, this review aimed to translate cognitive science optimally into practical recommendations. Implications emerged for learner-centered reforms while acknowledging barriers requiring resolution. Continued work stands to advance outcomes through cognizant evolution aligned with evolving research.
Keywords 1. Cognitive theory; Cognitive psychology; second language acquisition, Foreign language pedagogy.  Schema theory; Metacognition

The Legal and Sharia Reoriginalization of the Development of the Rules of the International Law

Prepared by

Dr. Mohaned Abdalla Hassan Hamad
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Dr.Masaad Awad ElKareem Ahmed Masaad
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Abstract
The names for this law have varied, as some call it the law of nations, others call it the law of peoples, and others call it the law of war and peace. However, establishing a comprehensive definition of international public law is a matter of debate and disagreement among legal scholars, given the rapid development witnessed by humanity, especially in international relations and their continuous development. Therefore, international law has had a regional and sectarian character since its emergence, and it is still considered one of the results of the Christian European civilization. There is no doubt that the reasons that led to the characterization of international law with this regional or sectarian character are that relations between the Christian European countries and the Islamic countries were relations of mutual hostility, and continued for a long period of time. In addition, relations between the bloc of Christian European countries and the bloc of countries that follow Buddhism were completely economical. We mention among the results the necessity of fulfilling the covenants, which were built according to Islamic law and taking into account the interests of the nation. Among the recommendations is granting greater powers and authorities to the United Nations agencies to maintain international security and peace, including the UN Security Council, the UN General Assembly, the Human Rights Council, and other agencies.
Keywords: The State; International Military Tribunal; Regional bases; International organizations; Relations between peoples

The competencies of attracting attention among faculty members’ students between monitoring reality and their impact on the level of academic achievement among students of the Faculty of Education, Blue Nile University.

Prepared by
Assco.Prof.Dr.Ibrahim Mohammed Ali
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Abstract
The study aimed to identify the reality of using of attention-grabbing competencies by professors of  Faculty of Education at Blue Nile University in teaching, and their impact on improving the level of academic achievement. The researcher followed the descriptive analytical method, interview and test in collecting information, and the sample consisted of(43) members of  teaching staff, and(78) male and female students. The results revealed reality of professor’s use of attention-grabbing talents with an average of(4.75), and with varying frequencies, reaching(10) times in one lecture, and the minimum (twice) in each lecture, and that the use of attention-grabbing competencies had an impact on improving the level of academic achievement among the subjects was (10.3). The researcher made recommendations, the most important of which are: conducting training courses for faculty members who have not previously taken courses in university teaching competencies, and more use of attention-grabbing competencies during lectures.
Keywords: competence, attention, academic achievement.

The Moderation in Islamic Discourse and Its Role on Deepening the Values of Tolerance and Civil Peace - The Palestinian Situation as a Model.

Prepared by
Dr. Dema Faiq Abu Latifa
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Abstract
Palestine has witnessed the impact of political division for almost seventeen years ago, serious events and repercussions that surpassed political dimensions, affecting social aspects. This resulted in genuine crises tearing apart the social fabric of the Palestinian people. Ideas of partisanship, extremism, and fanaticism prevailed, extending beyond politics to undermine the very structure of society. This exacerbated animosities, eroding trust among Palestinians.
The sudden political changes in Palestine have led to a shift in the nature of the discourse adopted by each political faction, which has contributed to the spread of hate speech. Religion has been exploited extensively for partisan and factional purposes, resulting in behaviors characterized by conflict, extremism, hostility, and hatred towards the other side. This, in turn, has contributed to the destabilization of civil peace and the disruption of social balance.
Given the gravity of this phase, the pursuit of achieving tolerance and civil peace in Palestine is an urgent necessity to establish comprehensive national unity, through which the desired liberation of the Palestinian people can be attained. In this context, the role of moderate Islamic discourse is evident, as it serves as the foundational platform and primary gateway for devising effective solutions and mechanisms aimed at rebuilding the social fabric, national unity, and promoting the principle of peaceful coexistence among citizens. This can be achieved by emphasizing the supremacy of the values of moderation and centrism, which are intrinsic to Islamic law, and by prioritizing dialogue and tolerance, while avoiding partisan and factional discourse.
The researcher argues that despite existing critiques and analyses of the impact of division on Palestinian society, Islamic approaches can be adopted to achieve peaceful coexistence in Palestine, leading to social integration. The study aims to answer the main question: What is the Role of moderate Islamic discourse in deepening the values of tolerance and civil peace in the Palestinian context? To achieve the desired results, the researcher will use an analytical review method, tracing historical developments since the division, and constructing a theoretical framework with a critical analysis.
Keywords: Religious Discourse, Moderation, Tolerance, Civil Peace.

The Role of Moral and Social Values ​​in the Educational  Political Strategy in Iraq A study Analyzing the Opinions of Members of Ibn Hayyan University in Najaf

Prepared by
Lecturer. Hiyam Hassan Zabr
hiamh.almoussawi@uokufa.edu.iq

Abstract
The aim of the research is to understand the role of moral and cultural values ​​in educational policy among Jaber Bin Hayyan University Students. The descriptive curriculum was used in the study because of its relationship to the nature of the questionnaire as a research tool, and the questionnaire was applied to a sample of Jaber Bin Hayyan University in the first groups. The final (76) was reached, and the study achieved a number of results, the most important of which are:
The awareness of the teaching staff of the moral and cultural values ​​in the education policy in Iraq, and there are great differences between the average sample of the quantitative test in five axes separately, according to the variable, the group's statistic that was examined in favor of the final domain, and there are also statistically significant differences between the averages that are due to the research sample estimates to the difference Academic specialization in favor of the colleges of the process. The research recommended the need to build curricula and educational programs and university classes in line with moral values ​​and community culture for my students.
Key words: moral and cultural values, educational political, Jaber Ibn Hayyan Medical University.